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Twistin' the night away

We are concerned about the Norway Spruce we planted this spring. Most of the new growth appears to be brown and twisted. We have been watering the trees on a regular basis, and even mulched them regularly with grass clippings. We noticed some insects flying around the trees and wonder if they are causing the brown, twisted branches?
Betty F. from Pennsylvania


  
Some history first

I'm old enough to remember when The Twist was cut on a 45 RPM record.  Our 7th grade class was just the right age for twisting to the hit song. Seems I even won a twist competition or two. Glory days gone by!
  

Today's twist

The twist featured in today's blog isn't nearly as much fun. Deadly in fact. Betty F from Pennyslvania got her twisting lesson the hard way. Research determined the grass clippings she used to mulch her tree with were contaminated with weed killer, the type used to kill dandelions and other broadleaf weeds.
    

Norway Spruce doing the 'Twist & Shout'

    
The grandaddy of lawn herbicides is 2,4-D. It's been around since The Twist hit AM Radio. It's a veteran of the Vietnam War, serving as one of the key ingredients in Agent Orange. It's been the focus of health studies on farmers and pets, with hints of it causing lymphoma. In spite of all that, it's been cleared for use on lawns no less than three times. And that sort of recertification isn't cheap these days. But lawn care companies still need it for their shock & awe weed killing arsenal.
   
2,4-D is a growth auxin that works by making weeds grow to death. The most noticeable results can be seen on a dandelion's flower stem, when it takes twists and turns like the Burma Road. Other plants respond in a similar fashion, so when you see twisted foliage, weed killer should be your first suspect. 
    
This isn't to say insects won't distort plant foliage, because they certainly do. The White Pine Weevil is one insect that causes a similar looking "shepherd's crook" on the growing tip of a pine or spruce.

But the tell tale sign of 2,4-D damage is the "S-turn" twisting that resembles a great motorcycle road. Let's hope you hear The Twist again, before you see it in your landscape!   Bob
  
   
  

7 WAYS TO AVOID 'THE TWIST'

  • ALTERNATIVES - Follow all the basic fundamentals to keep your lawn healthy without using pesticides. A vigorous lawn will resist weeds on its own.
      

  • NEVER use lawn clippings that have been treated with herbicides around your garden or landscape plants.
      

  • DRIFT - Prevent collateral damage to non-target plants by spraying lawn weeds only when winds are calm. Early morning (right after sunrise) is usually your best bet.
      

  • VAPORS - Don't spray weeds in high temperatures since herbicides are more volatile with heat. Ester formulations are more volatile than Amine formulations.
      

  • SPRAYERS - Never use the same pump-up sprayer for weeds and insecticides. 2,4-D leaves a residue in sprayers. Buy two sprayers and label one "WEEDS ONLY."
      

  • RINSE 3x - Triple rinse pesticide containers into your spray tank mix to help minimize ground water pollution.
      

  • EDUCATE - Invest 10 minutes in your "Green education." Pesticide labels contain critical information, so read and follow label directions. You'll definitely learn something!

MORE

Low-maintenance grass
Toxic effects of 2,4-D (PDF)
Bob's blog homepage
 

  

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